Finska izdanja radova o hrvatskim ovčarima

Koliko su ovi moji radovi zanimljivi stranim izlagačima, govori činjenica da se natjecateljižca i izlagačica iz Finske Sanna Laine-Evans ponudila da sve tekstove koje imam o hrvatskim ovčarima prevede na finski i da ih podijeli svim vlasnicima hrvatskih ovčara u Finskoj, a ima ih dosta (30-ak pasa) što sam ja s oduševljenjem prihvatio i obećao poslati mailom a kad radovi budu prevedeni na finski, vratit će ih meni kao primjerke u pisanom obliku mailom.

Eto koliko znači kad stranac dodje na izložbu i njome bude zadovoljan u cjelosti pa se ponudi doći i dogodine s još većim brojem pasa i više izlagača.

MEASUREMENTS OF CROATIAN SHEPHERDS IN THE AREA OF SLAVONSKI BROD 2000 – 2005

Author:
Jasminko Kormoš – Buco
FCI judge and breeder

Translate:
Gordana Visković






Second edition

Slavonski Brod, May 2009

Introduction

The following information was collected by measuring dogs from Slavonski Brod and parts of the Brod-Posavina County. Most of the dogs measured were owned and/or bred by the «SLAVONSKI BROD» kennel; others were dogs that had a direct or indirect impact on the dogs bred by the kennel (through linebreeding, which was mostly done between third and fourth generations). Dogs that were not related to the group described above were remained outside the scope of this work.
The known lineage of the dogs used stops at the fourth or the fifth generation; even though parentage was known locally for some of these dogs, their parents had never been registered.
This fact is a major challenge in breeding Croatian Shepherds, and much in evidence in dogs presented at dog shows.

This essay is made up of 20 pages, containing:
1 picture
13 charts
11 tables
3 summary ovierviews of indici

Full date on the names of dogs, their registration numbers, inbreeding coeficient, names of breeders and owners remain with the author.

I am grateful to all the individuals who have helped me in breeding and writing about Croatian Shepherds.

INDEX:

Introduction
Index
Size and location of the measured population
The measurement
Overview
Measurement statistics
Males
Females
All
Summary of corporal indici
My writings on the Croatian Shepherds
An overview of tables and charts
The sources
The sample

Between 2000 and 2005, using specimens from the Brod-Posavina County, the author JASMINKO KORMOŠ – BUCO took complete measurements according to all parameters. Part of the measurement data will be presented in this essay.


Size and location of the measured population

The measurement sample was made up of 63 dogs, including 33 males and 30 female dogs, from one to 13 years of age (most dogs were between 2 and 3 years of age). Any subsequent measuring has not been included in this statistics.

Most of the dogs came from the area of Slavonski Brod. A small number of dogs that came from other areas were dogs genetically related to this group, either as parents or as common ancestors of dogs mated to reinforce certain lineage. Their share in this statistics is limited.

Measurements

MEASURING THE CROATIAN SHEPHERD

The length of the head was measured from the tip of the nose, up the bridge of the nose, the stop, the forehead and to the tip of the occipital bone.
The length of the muzzle was measured from the tip of the nose up the nose bridge to the centre of an imaginary line connecting the inner corners of the eyes at the stop.
The circumference of the muzzle was measured at the central point of the nasal bridge, around the bridge of the nose.
The length of the skull was measured from the above mentioned imaginary line connecting the inner corners of the eyes at the stop through the forehead and to the tip of the occipital bone.
The circumference of the head was measured from the front side of the ear base down the cheeks and around the head.
The length of the ear was measured on the inner side of the ear, from the base up to the tip of the ear.
The width of the ear was measured between the left and right side of the ear, at the base of the ear.
The length of the neck was measured from the occiput down the nape of the neck to the tips of the shoulder blades (the withers).
The circumference of the neck was measured at the central part of the neck, around the neck.
The height at the withers was measured from the tips of the shoulder blades (the withers) through the elbow and down the lower forearm vertically to the ground.
The width at the withers was the distance measured between the tips of the shoulder blades (left and right shoulder blades).
The length of the body was measured transversally from the tip of the shoulder transversally across the brisket and loin to the lowest point of the rump.
The length of the back was measured from the tip of the shoulder blade transversally along the side of the spine to the top of the pelvis.
The height at the loins was measured from the top of the pelvis vertically down to the ground.
The waist was measured at the loin and around the abdomen.
The length of the croup was measured as the length of the pelvic bone from top to the lowest point on the same side.
The width of the croup was measured as the distance between the top of the pelvic bone on both sides.
The length of the tail was measured from the tail base to the very tip of the tail.
The width of the chest was measured as the distance between the left and the right shoulder.
The girth of the chest represents the circumference of the brisket from one side over to the other.
The length of the chest was measured from the shoulder across the rib cage to the last rib on the same side.
The depth of the chest was measured from the tip of the shoulder blade vertically down the brisket to the lowest point of the rib cage.
The height at elbows was measured from the top of the elbow (the humerus and radius joint) vertically to the ground.
The height at the knees was measured from the top of the stifle (the femur and tibia joint) vertically to the ground.
The height at the hocks was measured from the top of the hock (the tarsus and metatarsus joint) vertically to the ground.

Other measurements, not presented here, were also taken to be used as parameters in further analysis. Combining different measurements is a good way to learn about the development of the breed and to monitor the changes.

This essay is dedicated to the memory of Jan, my most beloved dog and the common ancestor of the dogs I breed, all descendants of dogs raised in the area of Slavonski Brod.

Overview

N.B.:
Some of the measurements presented in the tables and charts might not match because of a small degree of approximation of the data. The original measurement data are available from the author.



Table 1. Summary of increased/decreased height at the withers based on the measurements taken between 1935 and 2005

SUMMARY OF INCREASED/DECREASED HEIGHT AT WITHERS, 1935 TO 2005
Measurement
period
Measurement
taken by
Number of dogs
Height
measured
at withers



Males
Females
Mean
1935 – 1975
Stjepan Romić
224
43.51
43.06
43.30
1960
Otto Rohr
75
46.88
44.29
?45,.8
1988
Špoljarić, Fury, Skalicki, Urošević
27
47.43
44.54
45.98
1990
Boris Špoljarić
41
46.00
43.00
44,50
2005
Jasminko Kormoš - Buco
63
47.48
44.06
45.77
1935 - 2005
All
430
46.26
43.79
45.03












Chart 1. Height at the withers: Males, females and mean value
Table 2. Summary of increased/decreased body length between 1935 and 2005

SUMMARY OF INCREASED/DECREASED BODY LENGTH 1935 – 2005
Measurement period
Measurement taken by
n
Length
of body
measured



Males
Females
Mean
1935 – 1975
Stjepan Romić
224
46.89
45.82
46.35
1960
Otto Rohr
75
51.26
49.93
50.59
1988
Špoljarić, Fury, Skalicki, Urošević
27
50.14
47.31
48.72
1990
Boris Špoljarić
41
50.60
47.30
48.95
2005
Jasminko Kormoš - Buco
63
49.42
46.31
48.37
1935 - 2005
All
430
49.66
47.33
48.60



Chart 2. Length of the body: Males, females and mean value









Measurement statistics

Male dogs

The longest male head was 22 cm long, the shortest 16 cm. The mean value of the range was 19.92 cm.

The average height of male dogs was 47.50 cm. This would mean that during the 30 years since the first measurements taken by Professor Romić, the height increased by a bit less than 4 cm.
When compared to the measurements taken by authors other than Romić, the difference is insignificant.
The average length of body was 49.37 cm, or 4% more than the height measured at the withers.

Table 3. Measurement of male dogs: Length of head, length of body and height at the withers, including the mean value, and the maximum and minimum values

MALE DOGS n = 33
MEAN
MAXIMUM
MINIMUM
total length of head
19.2082111
22
16
height at the withers
47.49951124
54
41
length of the body
49.36852395
58
45

Chart 3. Measurement of male dogs: Length of head, height at the withers and length of body, including the mean value, and the maximum and minimum values



























Table 4. Measurement of male dogs: First part (dogs 1 to 11)

MALE DOGS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
total length of head
20
20
21
20
21
21
21
21
21
20
19
skull length
13
12
13
13
14
13
14
13
12
12
12
muzzle length
7
8
8
7
7
8
7
8
9
8
7
cranial circumference
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
41
39
muzzle circumference
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
23
21
ear length
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
neck length
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
16
16
14
neck circumference
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
33
31
height at withers
47
46
47
49
48
47
50
48
48
49
46
width at withers
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
7
length of back
44
44
44
44
44
44
45
45
45
45
39
height at loins
46
46
47
49
48
47
50
50
48
49
46
waist circumference
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
43
43
43
41
length of croup
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
14
14
12
width of croup
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
tail length
3
24
24
24
24
24
2
3
5
5
3
chest width
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
19
19
19
17
chest length
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
15
chest depth
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
24
chest circumference
40
40
40
40
40
40
43
45
45
47
47
body length
49
49
49
53
53
51
51
50
50
50
49
height at elbows
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
25
25
height at knees
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
24
height at hocks
13
13
13
13
11
12
13
12
11
13
10




















Table 5. Measurement of male dogs: Second part (dogs 12 to 22)

MALE DOGS
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
total length of head
20
19
17
16
17
18
18
21
21
21
22
skull length
13
12
11
10
11
12
11
12
12
13
12
muzzle length
7
7
6
6
6
6
7
10
9
8
10
cranial circumference
38
37
37
34
33
34
33
37
37
37
38
muzzle circumference
20
19
16
14
13
14
14
21
21
21
22
ear length
7
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
neck length
13
14
12
10
10
12
13
17
19
19
18
neck circumference
29
27
25
22
23
25
24
36
36
36
36
height at withers
47
48
43
41
42
43
42
48
47
49
48
width at withers
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
8
7
7
8
length of back
37
36
33
30
31
33
31
35
35
32
35
height at loins
47
48
43
41
42
43
42
48
48
48
48
waist circumference
40
42
39
33
32
33
30
46
46
46
46
length of croup
11
12
11
10
11
12
11
13
13
13
13
width of croup
7
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
tail length
8
4
1
3
4
2
3
3
24
24
3
chest width
16
16
15
15
16
17
17
16
16
16
16
chest length
19
20
17
17
17
19
20
29
29
29
29
chest depth
24
23
22
21
22
22
21
25
25
25
25
chest circumference
47
47
44
42
41
43
43
57
57
57
57
body length
47
47
47
45
46
46
45
50
50
50
50
height at elbows
23
24
22
20
21
21
21
25
25
25
25
height at knees
23
23
19
16
16
20
19
24
24
24
24
height at hocks
11
10
10
10
11
10
10
12
12
11
12





















Table 6. Measurement of male dogs: Third part (dogs 25 to 33)

MALE DOGS
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
total length of head
22
21
20
20
21
21
21
20
20
20
21
skull length
12
13
11
11
14
13
13
11
13
11
13
muzzle length
10
9
9
9
7
9
8
9
7
9
9
cranial circumference
38
37
35
35
39
38
40
37
38
38
37
muzzle circumference
22
21
19
19
23
22
20
20
20
20
21
ear length
8
8
7
7
10
9
9
7
9
9
8
neck length
18
19
16
16
20
23
18
17
19
19
19
neck circumference
36
36
34
34
38
40
40
32
39
39
36
height at withers
48
48
46
46
54
54
50
48
51
51
49
width at withers
8
7
7
7
10
6
9
8
8
10
7
length of back
35
39
30
30
38
37
32
44
33
33
35
height at loins
48
48
45
45
51
51
51
46
48
48
48
waist circumference
46
46
41
41
53
50
47
40
44
44
46
length of croup
13
11
11
11
14
14
13
16
14
14
13
width of croup
7
7
7
7
10
10
9
11
8
8
7
tail length
24
24
3
3
2
2
3
3
2
23
24
chest width
16
16
14
14
16
16
22
17
15
19
16
chest length
29
32
25
25
33
30
26
16
25
25
29
chest depth
25
25
23
23
28
27
26
11
23
26
25
chest circumference
57
57
53
53
66
64
65
40
60
60
57
body length
50
50
47
47
58
55
52
49
48
48
50
height at elbows
25
25
24
24
27
28
25
25
25
25
25
height at knees
24
24
23
23
27
27
24
25
22
22
24
height at hocks
12
11
10
10
15
16
15
13
15
15
12

I have not distinguished between the short and tall types in my measurements, but the variance of height was duly documented. When I compare my measurements to those by other authors, the difference seems almost insignificant. Out of the 33 male dogs I measured, 5 were less than 45 cm tall (the shorter type) and 28 were more than 45 cm (the taller type), with 4 of the 28 taller dogs reaching the maximum height or more (all were pets). In all, the number of short dogs measured was significantly smaller than that of the tall dogs.










Table 7. Measurement of male dogs: Dogs 1 to 33, including the mean value and the minimum and maximum values

MALE DOGS
MEAN VALUE
MAXIMUM VALUE
MINIMUM VALUE
total length of head
20.04545455
22
16
skull length
12.21212121
14
10
muzzle length
7.836363636
10
6
cranial circumference
36.95454545
41
33
muzzle circumference
19.57575758
23
13
ear length
7.393939394
10
6
neck length
16.45454545
23
10
neck circumference
32.57575758
40
22
height at withers
47.48484848
54
41
width at withers
7.666666667
10
6
length of back
37.48484848
45
30
height at loins
47.06060606
51
41
waist circumference
41.84848485
53
30
length of croup
13.39393939
16
10
width of croup
8.787878788
11
7
tail length
10.09090909
24
1
chest width
16.66666667
22
14
chest length
21.66666667
33
15
chest depth
19.72727273
28
11
chest circumference
49.51515152
66
40
body length
49.42424242
58
45
height at elbows
24
28
20
height at knees
23.36363636
27
16
height at hocks
12.03030303
16
10













N:B:: The following charts show the measured range of a particular element (height at withers, length of body, head length)horizontally, and the number of dogs so measured vertically.


Chart 4. Height at the withers: Males
Chart 5. Length of the body: Males
Chart 6. Length of the head: Males


Female dogs

Similar data prevail among the bitches. The head is shorter than the male head by about 1.3 cm, and makes about 42% of the body height.
The body is by 3 cm less elongated than the body of the male dog, or the female is 2 cm i.e. less than 5% longer than it is tall.


Table 8. Measurement of female dogs: Length of head, height at withers and length of body, including the mean value and the maximum and minimum values

FEMALE DOGS
n = 30
MEAN VALUE
MAXIMUM VALUE
MINIMUM VALUE
total length of head
18.682
20
16
height at withers
44.56266667
49
39
length of body
46.59266667
52
40


Chart 7. Measurement of female dogs: Length of head, height at withers and length of body, including the mean value and the maximum and minimum values

































Table 9. Measurement of female dogs: First part (bitches 1 to 15)

FEMALE DOGS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
total length of head
18
18
17
18
18
19
18
18
17
16
17
19
18
19
20
skull length
11
11
11
11
12
12
12
11
11
10
11
11
11
11
12
muzzle length
7
7
6
7
7
7
6
7
6
6
6
8
7
5
8
cranial circumference
33
34
31
30
33
33
34
32
31
30
33
35
30
35
33
muzzle circumference
17
17
16
14
19
18
17
17
16
14
15
20
18
19
18
ear length
7
8
6
6
7
7
7
7
6
6
7
7
9
6
10
neck length
14
17
13
13
15
16
15
14
13
12
13
16
15
21
26
neck circumference
33
33
32
33
34
36
34
34
32
30
33
36
19
38
30
height at withers
43
44
41
40
42
43
44
43
40
40
42
47
44
47
46
width at withers
7
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
11
8
9
length of back
31
36
30
30
35
36
37
35
33
32
33
35
30
45
35
height at loins
43
38
41
40
42
43
44
43
40
40
42
47
44
46
44
waist circumference
38
57
35
35
39
37
38
34
31
30
30
42
45
48
42
length of croup
11
10
11
10
11
12
11
11
11
11
11
12
11
18
13
width of croup
7
9
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
11
16
10
tail length
3
3
3
4
4
5
4
3
4
3
3
24
20
2
20
chest width
15
14
15
16
15
15
15
15
14
14
15
15
16
16
17
chest length
29
26
26
24
27
26
27
25
23
22
22
29
15
30
29
chest depth
22
23
22
21
22
22
22
22
20
20
22
25
23
22
26
chest circumference
47
58
45
44
47
46
48
45
42
42
42
51
58
57
56
body length
46
44
44
44
45
47
47
46
43
43
43
50
45
50
46
height at elbows
21
22
21
20
21
21
21
21
20
20
22
23
23
25
23
height at knees
18
20
17
16
17
17
16
16
15
15
15
23
21
18
23
height at hocks
10
10
10
10
10
10
11
10
10
10
10
10
12
13
13






















Table 10. Measurement of female dogs: Second part (bitches 16 to 30)

FEMALE DOGS
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
total length of head
20
20
20
19
17
20
18
20
17
20
19
19
19
20
19
skull length
11
13
13
12
11
13
11
12
11
12
11
11
11
13
12
muzzle length
9
7
8
7
7
7
7
8
7
8
8
8
8
7
7
cranial circumference
34
32
32
36
30
36
34
37
29
35
35
35
36
35
38
muzzle circumference
19
18
18
19
18
20
17
20
18
19
19
19
20
19
21
ear length
8
7
9
6
8
10
8
9
9
10
8
8
7
9
8
neck length
21
17
16
19
14
30
17
17
17
18
20
18
15
17
16
neck circumference
30
30
29
32
29
35
33
38
29
36
34
33
37
36
39
height at withers
48
44
47
46
39
47
41
49
40
49
46
44
47
45
46
width at withers
9
10
8
7
9
8
8
9
7
9
7
7
9
10
10
length of back
37
39
34
44
27
33
36
34
31
35
33
32
33
32
33
height at loins
44
42
34
46
39
45
38
48
39
47
43
44
47
44
46
waist circumference
44
39
34
45
43
48
57
43
35
41
44
43
52
52
52
length of croup
13
13
14
17
12
13
10
13
10
13
13
12
10
12
11
width of croup
11
14
8
12
10
11
9
11
7
11
7
8
10
12
11
tail length
3
4
24
2
2
23
3
2
3
3
20
23
2
3
2
chest width
15
14
14
16
14
17
14
16
13
15
14
14
19
18
20
chest length
28
26
30
29
21
29
26
29
23
28
27
27
28
27
28
chest depth
24
22
20
21
22
23
23
25
19
24
23
22
25
24
24
chest circumference
56
51
48
55
50
62
58
57
48
56
53
55
63
62
64
body length
49
49
48
48
40
48
44
52
43
51
45
47
49
46
49
height at elbows
27
24
24
25
21
23
22
24
21
24
25
22
22
22
22
height at knees
22
25
24
25
21
24
20
24
19
22
24
24
22
22
22
height at hocks
15
13
13
12
13
14
10
13
12
13
12
11
10
11
11
























Table 11. Measurement of female dogs: Bitches 1 to 30, including the mean value, and the maximum and minimum values

FEMALE DOGS
MEAN VALUE
MAXIMUM VALUE
MINIMUM VALUE
total length of head
18.55
20
16
skull length
11.43333333
13
10
muzzle length
7.05
9
5
cranial circumference
33.33333333
38
29
muzzle circumference
17.95
21
14
ear length
7.533333333
9.5
6
neck length
16.8
30
12
neck circumference
32.86666667
39
19
height at withers
44.06666667
49
39
width at withers
7.95
11
7
length of back
34.2
45
27
height at loins
42.71666667
48
34
waist circumference
41.75
57
30
length of croup
11.96666667
18
10
width of croup
9.183333333
16
7
tail length
7.466666667
24
2
chest width
15.31666667
20
13
chest length
26.2
30
15
chest depth
22.5
26
19
chest circumference
52.16666667
64
42
length tijela
46.31666667
52
40
height at elbows
22.38333333
27
20
height at knees
20.23333333
25
15
height at hocks
11.4
15
10
















Chart 8. Height at the withers: Females
Chart 9. Length of the body: Females

Chart 10. Length of the head: Females


Among female dogs, 20 bitches were up to 45 cm tall; 10 were taller than 50 cm. No female dogs were found to be taller than 50 cm.








Group statistics

Chart 11. Height at the withers: Males and females compared
Chart 12. Length of the body: Males and females compared
Chart 13. Length of the head: Males and females compared




MY MEASUREMENT INDICI

INDICI: MALES

Format index If = 104.5555

Substance index Im = 104.2757

Compactness index Ik = 100.1839

Length of head index Ig = 42.2144

INDICI: FEMALES

Format index If = 105.1059

Substance index Im = 118.3812

Compactness index Ik = 113.0698

Length of head index Ig = 42.0953

INDICI: ALL

Format index If = 104.8307

Substance index Im = 111.0652

Compactness index Ik = 106.2051

Length of head index Ig = 42.1571















Table 12. Grouped measurement data on height at the withers and body length taken between 1935 and 2005

Measurement by

Sex
Dogs
By
Mean
povećanje / umanjenje u cm u odnosu na:




sex
value
A
1
2
3
A
height
male
224
112
43.51
.



ROMIĆ
withers
female

112
43.06
.



1935-1977
length
male
224
112
46.89
.




body
female

112
45.82
.




height
male
75
36
46.88
3.37
.


1
withers
female

39
44.29
1.23
.


ROHR
length
male
75
36
51.26
4.37
.


1960
body
female

39
49.93
4.11
.


2
height
male
27
14
47.43
3.98
1.45
.

Špoljarić,Fury,
withers
female

13
44.53
1.47
0.24
.

Skalicki,Urošević
length
male
27
14
50.14
3.25
-1.12
.


body
female

13
47.31
1.49
-2.62
.


height
male
41
20
46.00
2.49
-0.88
-1.43
.
3
withers
female

21
43.00
-0.6
-1.29
-1.53
.
Špoljarić
length
male
41
20
50.60
3.17
-1.20
-0.80
.
1990
body
female

21
47.30
1.57
-2.57
-0.01
.

height
male
63
33
47.48
3.97
0.6
0.05
1.48
4
withers
female

30
44.06
1.00
-0.23
-0.47
1.06
Kormoš
length
male
63
33
49.42
2.53
-1.84
-0.72
-1.18
2000-2005
body
female

30
46.31
0.49
-3.62
-1.00
-0.99











height
male
430
215
46.26
3.45
0.39
-0.69
1.48
6
withers
female

215
43.78
0.77
-0.43
-1.00
1.06
MEAN VALUES
length
male
430
215
49.66
3.33
-1.39
-0.76
-1.18

body
female

215
47.33
1.91
-2.90
-0.50
-0.99



Chart 14. Grouped measurement data on height at the withers and body length taken between 1935 and 2005.















MY WRITINGS AND BOOKS ON THE CROATIAN SHEPHERD

HRVATSKI OVČAR jučer, danas, sutra
HRVATSKI OVČAR - slikom
HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE CROATIAN SHEEPDOG, 1st edition
HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE CROATIAN SHEEPDOG, 2nd edition
HRVATSKE PASMINE PASA, 1. Izdanje
HRVATSKE PASMINE PASA, 2. izdanje
CROATIAN DOG BREEDS, 1st edition
CROATIAN DOG BREEDS, 2nd edition
MLIJEKO HRVATSKOG OVČARA
PORODILJSTVO HRVATSKOG OVČARA
RAZVOJNE FAZE HRVATSKOG OVČARA
OCJENJIVANJE HRVATSKOG OVČARA
POLA STOLJEĆA KINOLOGIJE U SLAVONSKOM BRODU
TJELESNA STATISTIKA HRVATSKOG OVČARA, 1. izdanje
IZMJERE HRVATSKOG OVČARA NA PODRUČJU SLAVONSKOG BRODA 2000-2005. GODINE, 1. Izdanje

AN OVERVIEW OF TABLES AND CHARTS

Table 1.
A summary of increased/decreased height at the withers based on the measurements made between 1935 and 2005.
Chart 1.
Height at the withers of male and female dogs, including the mean value
Chart 2.
Length of the body of male and female dogs, including the mean value
Chart 3.
Measurement of male dogs: head length, height at withers and body length, including the mean value, and the maximum and minimum values
Table 4.
Measurement of male dogs: first part of a complete measurement of male dogs (dogs 1 to 11)
Table 5.
Measurement of male dogs: second part of a complete measurement of male dogs (dogs 12 to 22)
Table 6.
Measurement of male dogs: third part of a complete measurement of male dogs (dogs 25 to 33)
Table 7.
Complete measurements of male dogs: dogs 1 to 33, including the mean value, and the maximum and minimum values
Chart 4.
Height at withers: males
Chart 5.
Length of body: males
Chart 6.
Length of head: males
Table 8.
Measurement of female dogs: head length, height at withers and length of body, including the mean value, and the maximum and minimum values
Table 9.
Measurement of female dogs: first part of a complete measurement of female dogs (bitches 1 to 15)
Table 10.
Measurement of female dogs: second part of a complete measurement of female dogs (bitches 16 to 30)
Chart 7.
Measurement of female dogs: Length of head, height at withers and length of body, including the mean value and the maximum and minimum values
Chart 8.
Height at withers: females
Chart 9.
Length of body: females
Chart 10.
Length of head: females
Chart 11.
Height at withers of males and females compared
Chart 12.
Length of body of males and females compared
Chart 13.
Length of head of males and females compared
Table 11.
Grouped measurement data on height at the withers and body length taken between 1935 and 2005.
- Indici: males
- Indici: females
- Indici: all
Chart 14
Grouped measurement data on height at the withers and body length taken between 1935 and 2005.

THE SOURCES

Author's files
Prof. Stjepan Romić, Hrvatski ovčar, MOJ PAS 1977.
Group of authors, Fenotipska varijabilnost određenih pasminskih znakova kod hrvatskog ovčara
Boris Špoljarić, Hrvatski ovčar, ZOV, 1990.
Author's personal files and writings













THE SAMPLE

All dogs measured were dogs that I have bred or dogs connected with me or my dogs. I have not used any other dog for these measurements.
The measurements were taken in the manner described above, which I have designed.
The names of dogs, their registration numbers, and the names of their breeders or owners shall remain with the author.

BODY STATISTICS OF THE CROATIAN SHEPHERD

Author: Jasminko Kormoš – Buco
Translate: Gordana Visković




In this work, I will discuss different results of the measurements of the height and length of the Croatian Shepherds, from the initial measurements (Stjepan Romić 1935 – 1975, Otto Rohr - 1960, a group of authors (Milivoje Urošević, Boris Špoljarić, Zlatko Skalicki, Mijo Fury) 1988, Boris Špoljarić 1990, Jasminko Kormoš – Buco 2005). I intend to present the mean values found through all the measurements undertaken to this day. Let me begin by saying that they show that the Croatian Shepherd has not substantially changed, but the dog has changed and is still changing.

Let's look at the photographs of the Croatian Shepherds from the times of Romić and Rohr, and especially the head of the dog included in Professor Romić's book MY DOG /MOJ PAS/. Frankly, this dog would be judged as „very good“ at a dog show and considered less than excellent both in conformation and in breeding.
It should be borne in mind that the Standard expressly refers to a „lighter“ bone of the Croatian Shepherd. Contrary to the Standard, however, heavy-boned dogs prevail among modern-day Croatian Shepherds, even though this discrepancy has been brought up repeatedly since the 90's.
I am not implying that a breed cannot or should not change. However, if we are to consider modifications of any kind, first we need to agree on what to change and how to go about it. We must clearly understand what we want to achieve and make it official through staging panels and through the work of a central Croatian Shepherds Breeders' Club – which we will first need to establish.
The first official measurements were taken between 1935 and 1975 by Professor Stjepan Romić and his team. It was on the basis of his measurements that the breed standard was drafted. It should be stressed that the drafting of the Standard was based on the physical measurements already taken, and not on a projected ideal of the breed.
On numerous occasions I have discussed the Croatian Shepherd and its built. I believe it is wrong to let anyone interpret the Standard in a manner which best suits his needs. While a short dog may be the preferred variety in a region, a dog of heavier built may be sought after in another, or a medium to tallish dog of a lighter built may be preferred somewhere else.
Many are the elements that can impact the actual body size of the breed, from club politics to judges making more or less informed decisions at dog shows, to breeding politics carried out by breeding monitors appointed by the clubs, to maintenance and nutrition of individual dogs. When we put all these elements together, it cannot surprise us that a dog in the city and a dog in the country are often not of the same size. As a rule, the city dog tends to be a larger dog, but this is not always the case.
I think that some wrong choices were made in selecting sires, that the breeding politics was responsible as well as the poor organisation in the breed clubs and more recently a lack of involvement of the Croatian Kennel Club in the preservations of this native breed. A preference for a large dog or a heavy-boned dog in breeding and an overall lack of control or ill-considered selection (including penalizing different breeding ideas) led us to where we stand today in the breed: we have large Croatian Shepherds with a heavier to heavy head, and dogs that are either too complacent or aggressive. In other words, we have departed from the correct breed type.
If you mate a large bitch to a large dog, then mate their large-sized offspring to another large dog, you cannot expect the Croatian Shepherds produced by this kind of breeding to remain within the normal measurements. Club breeding monitors should have put a stop to such practices long ago, but they did not. To make things more complex, the Standard determines the size of the Croatian Shepherd of either sex as being within the range of 40 cm and 50 cm, meaning that a breeder can mate a 40 cm male to a 50 cm bitch and stay within the rules. Yes, it is according to the rules, but …
It is not good practice. The Standard does not differentiate the sexes in terms of height, as it should, but makes mention of an ideal height for both sexes instead.
A male of 40 cm and a male of 50 centimetres cannot have the same bone structure. Naturally, the same is true for females.
A single value of 20 centimetres given as the length of head by the Standard cannot be proportionate to the body size of a small and that of a large dog.
The same is with the body length: they are never the same in a male and in a female even when so defined by the Standard.
A large dog is a heavy dog. It cannot stand on its hocks and it spreads the paws to distribute the burden. This then effects both the posture and the movement of the dog, as pointed out by the Club of the Friends of the Croatian Shepherd from Karlovac, mentioning also the high incidence of a heavy bone and heavy head in the present-day breed that differ from its description in the Standard. All these «small details» contribute to the process of changing the dog. If they are found on a single specimen, that particular dog has significantly departed from the breed type.
In this text, I will discuss only the measurements of the body height, with a brief comment of other body proportions. The height of the body and the heaviness of the bone are the key features if we wish to determine how close or how far our dogs are from the standard type, and what we need to do about it. The first official measurements were taken by Professor Stjepan Romić, DVM with his team (they are not named but he always used „we“ rather than „i“) in 1935. They mark the beginning of the standardization of the breed, even if it was Professor Rohr who first published his own measurements of the Croatian Shepherd.

I will try to explain the data presented in the tables in a summary fashion.
Measurement of Croatian Shepherds through different periods:
Professor Stjepan Romić, 1935-1977



Males
Mean
39.87

Small type

Deviation
.


Females
Mean
39.16



Deviation
.


Males
Mean
47.16
HEIGHT
Large type

Deviation
.
AT THE WITHERS

Females
Mean
46.97



Deviation
.


Males
Mean
43.51

Mean

Deviation
.

(Mean value of both small and large types)
Females
Mean
43.06



Deviation
.


Males
Mean
42.68

Small type

Deviation
.


Females
Mean
41.80



Deviation
.


Males
Mean
51.10
LENGTH OF BODY
Large type

Deviation
.


Females
Mean
49.84



Deviation
.


Males
Mean
46.89

Mean

Deviation
.

(Mean value of both small and large types)
Females
Mean
45.82



Deviation
.


Males
Mean
17.74

Small type

Deviation
.


Females
Mean
17.69



Deviation
.


Males
Mean
19.60
LENGTH OF HEAD
Large type

Deviation
.


Females
Mean
19.48



Deviation



Males
Mean
18.67

Mean

Deviation
.

(Mean value of both small and large types)
Females
Mean
18.58



Deviation
.

In his studies, Professor Romić distinguished between two types of the Croatian Shepherd: the small type (short) and the large type (tall). I have maintained his distinction here, but for ease of reference, I will be using the mean value of both types jointly rather than separately (and making reference to the two types when necessary in order to explain the data in the tables).

Therefore, the measurements concern both types of Croatian Shepherds and the total range of height is between 35 and 55 cm. Throughout this text, the mean value of both types of dogs considered together has been used as the height parameter.
The mean height of the male dog measured at the withers was found to be 43.51, and of the female dog 43.06 cm. The length of the head did not exceed 19 cm in either sex. Dogs of both sexes were described as elongated in shape, with the length of the body making 109% of the dog's height measured at the withers.
It follows from the data that the height at the withers did not exceed the medium value of the range provided by the Standard, and that the length of the body did not exceed the height + 10% mark allowed by the Standard.

Professor Romić also presented an overview of the parameters relating to the dogs measured between 4 and 8 years of age. The average height of the small herding dog was given as 41.48 cm, the average height of the large herding dog as 50.93 cm (with a substantial 8-9 cm difference between the two mean values), and the average height among the large city-type dogs was found to be at 50.70 cm. The mean height of all the three types considered together was established at 47.70 cm.
The mean values of the measurements made among the two groups of dogs, with the large herding dog averaging at 50.93 cm and the large city-type dog averaging at 50.70 cm defy a rather popular theory whereby puppies raised in urban settings grow into taller dogs because they are better fed than their cousins in the country.


Small

Large

Large

Together
BODY MEASUREMENT
herding dog

herding dog

urban dog

n=778
OF 8 YEAR OLDS
n=126
n=131
n=134
n=127
n=128
n=132
n=388
n=390

Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Height at the withers
42.36
40.61
51.15
50.72
51.16
50.25
50.71
50.70
Body length
47.54
46.18
53.27
50.72
55.04
53.47
53.07
53.86

With regard to the body length, the measurements suggest that the male dog of the small herding type is by 12.29 % longer than it is tall, while the female of the small type is 13 % longer than it is tall.
With regard to the body length of the large herding type, the male dog is by 8.10 % longer than it is tall, the female by 7.09 %; the average percentage of the body length exceeding the height at the withers comes down to 7.59 %. With regard to the large city-type dogs, the male dog is 7.58 % longer than it is tall, the female dog 6.41 %, with the average percentage of the body length exceeding the height at the withers by 6.99 %.
These findings seem to suggest that taller dogs will have shorter bodies.

Professor Otto Rohr, DVM was the first to publish his historical research and the results of his measurements of bodily proportions of the Croatian Shepherd. In his contribution to the understanding of the Croatian Shepherd which he published in 1960 (”Prilog poznavanju hrvatskog ovčara”,Veterinaria, Vol. IX, Sarajevo, 1960), Professor Rohr reported that 570 dogs were examined and 75 dogs measured (36 males and 39 females between 3 and 5 years of age) between 1949 and 1955. Professor Rohr was the first scholar to publish his measurement data, but the first body measurements ever were collected by Professor Romić. Because of a more complex approach he had adopted, Professor Romić needed more time to collate his data, but it was Romić’s measurements, not Rohr’s, that were finally used by drafters of the Standard.

Professor Otto Rohr, DVM
Data published in 1960

Mean
36 males
Mean
46.88
height

Deviation
0.64
at the withers
39 females
Mean
44.29
40-50 cm

Deviation
0.53

36 males
Mean
51.26
Body

% of height at withers
9,.4
length
39 females
Mean
48.93


% of height at withers
10.48
Head
36 males

20.40
length
39 females

20.39

Professors Rohr and Romić measured the dogs at about the same time and concurred in many findings, with Rohr's results showing a slight deviation from Romić's, particularly in regard to the height at the withers. The difference can be attributed to the fact that Professor Romić population sample was larger and included shorter dogs (Rohr did not include small dogs).
Professor Rohr found the average height at the withers to be at 46.88 cm for male dogs, 44.29 cm for female dogs. The length of body generally corresponded to the value determined by Romić, except in female dogs (Romić's female dogs have longer bodies).
Rohr's height data remained close to the middle of the height range prescribed by the Standard, but the length of the dog's head was more than Romić's measurements showed.












Milivoje Urošević, Boris Špoljarić, Zlatko Skalicki, Mijo Fury, Stočarstvo, 1988

(the following 2 tables)

Description:
Format index: If = length of the body x 100 / height at the withers
Substance index: Im = girth x 100 / height at the withers
Compactness index: Ik = girth x 100 /length of the body
Length of head index: Ig = length of the head x 100 / height at the withers

AVERAGE AND VARIANCE OF
EXTERIOR PROPERTIES (cm)


Element
Sex
n
/x
S /x
S
V(%)
Variance
Height at
Males
14
47.43
1.08
4.03
8.5
39 - 53
withers
Females
13
44.54
0.94
3.41
7.65
40 - 49
Length
Males
14
50.14
1.08
4.03
8.05
43 - 56
of body
Females
13
47.31
0.85
3.07
6.48
43 - 52
Length
Males
14
21.21
0.42
1.57
7.38
18 - 23,5
of head
Females
13
19.54
0.47
1.70
8.71
18 - 22








AVERAGE AND VARIANCE OF
EXTERIOR PROPERTIES' INDICI
(% OF

HEIGHT AT WITHERS)





Index
Sex
n
/x
S /x
S
V(%)
Variance
1
Males
14
105.82
0.94
3.51
3.32
100.00 – 109.80

Females
13
106.37
1.17
4.21
3.95
102.38 – 115.00
2
Males
14
126.22
2.94
10.99
8.71
110.20 – 157.14

Females
13
129.98
2.66
9.59
7.37
115.22 – 144.19
3
Males
14
119.30
2.63
9.85
8.25
108.00 – 146.67

Females
13
122.35
2.09
7.56
6.18
110.42 – 137.78
4
Males
14
44.70
0.49
1.85
4.15
41.86 – 48.72

Females
13
43.86
0.45
1.63
3.73
41.30 – 46.81

Compared to Rohr's measurements, the measurements taken by this group of scholars showed a degree of deviation that can be reasonably explained by the size of their sample, which consisted of 27 specimens, and its location (Rijeka and Županja).
The height at the withers determined by this group of authors showed a slight increase of 0.55 cm for the males and 0.25 cm for the females.
The increased body height compared to the one measured by Rohr is not significant, considering that 28 years of breeding elapsed between the two measurements.
However, the average height at withers of male dogs did increase, even if slightly, and was now at half the range, while the average height at the withers of female dogs still did not reach the middle mark of the range envisaged by the Standard.
On the other hand, body length was now decreased by 1.12 cm for male dogs, and by 1.63 cm for female dogs.

At a Croatian Shepherd specialty show that took place on 24 June 1990 at the Federal All Breed Show in Zupanja, 41 dogs were brought before the judge Boris Špoljarić. In his report, published in «ZOV» magazine (No.167/1990), Boris Špoljarić commented:
«Four years ago we saw specimens mostly from limited breeding and a small number of dogs that were inconsistent in type. Those were mostly heavy-set dogs with broad (massive) skulls, incorrect ear carriage (wide at the base and almost completely folded), poor movement, with white spots at the croup, in the hind legs fringes and on the legs (none of these allowed by the Standard), and a pronounced sharp temperament that is not characteristic for the breed. Four years ago one could reasonably say that future breeding and preservation of the breed was seriously challenged.
What has been done to change it? The only thing possible: Dogs were identified and registered in the JUR Register in the areas where Croatian Shepherds are still utilized as unsurpassed herding dogs. Croatian Shepherd fanciers from two breed clubs, KD «Županja» and KD «Brod» from Slavonski Brod, played a major role in this undertaking. About 50 dogs in all have been registered in the JUR Register.
Today the Register includes a number of offspring of those dogs. The registration of new specimens and the subsequent enlargement of the breeding pool soon began to produce good results, as evidenced by the dogs exhibited at the show in Županja. When registering dogs with the JUR Register, care was taken to exclude dogs with heads that were too broad or too heavy, to avoid a problem that was very much in evidence before.»
Boris Špoljarić continued with a comment on body measures:
«With respect to bodily proportions (height and length), the situation is more than satisfactory. The average height of the dogs presented was 46 cm, and of the bitches about 43 cm. Two specimens had bodies that were somewhat longer than envisaged by the Standard, and only one dog had a body that was shorter than described in the Standard (he was approximately 5% longer than he was tall). All the other dogs presented were by about 10% longer than they were tall.
No problems with topline or the back and croup alignment were spotted and only one presented dog had a sagging back.»

Boris Špoljarić, 1990

Mean
Males
Mean
46.00
height

Deviation
.
at the withers
Females
Mean
43.00
40-50 cm

Deviation
.

Males
Mean
50.60
Length

% of height at withers
.
of body
Females
Mean
47.30


% of height at withers
.

These Špoljarić's measurements showed a decreased height at the withers which still exceeded, by about 3 centimetres, the height as established by Romić. The average height of the male was slightly over the middle mark in the Standard, and females were slightly shorter than those measured by Romić (by about 0.3 cm).

A draft for a new Standard was prepared for a panel on the Croatian Shepherd that took place on 9 December 1995 in Zagreb. At the panel, the representatives of the Croatian Native Breeds Club from Slavonski Brod stressed, as they have continued to do until the present day, the importance of keeping the height within the Standard range, and indicated a number of problems which have emerged in breeding with popular sires, most notably «a large and heavy head, a heavy set body, departure from the type . . . «, stressing that the desired head type should be a light vulpoid head.

The height section of the Draft Standard presented on 9 December 1995 at the panel in Zagreb described the height in the following terms:

«HEIGHT: The ideal height measured at the withers is 45 cm for both male and female dogs.» However, Šandor Horvath and his group proposed that the «…height range allowed by the Standard be expanded to include everything from 35 to 55 cm) since the Shepherds today, thanks to a better nutrition, are much taller than they used to be» and said that « … in the evaluation of the Croatian Shepherd, the emphasis should not be on its height but on the correctness of type and structure.»

In his booklet «CROATIAN SHEPHERD as it was, is and shall be» («HRVATSKI OVČAR jučer, danas, sutra», 2001), discussing the height of dogs as part of his commentary of the Standard No. 277, Jasminko Kormoš – Buco speaks for the shorter dog, saying that they are about to «vanish» since «large» dogs are always considered better than small dogs even if the actual use of dogs with stock, as the ultimate standard of proof, has shown that the opposite is in fact the case. According to this writer, the ideal height is the average height according to the Standard, and the ideal structure a lighter body with a lighter head.
The head of the Croatian Shepherd, therefore, should be a light head. The writer reiterates this proposition in all his writings. The writer is also a breeder of Croatian Shepherds, breeding from lines descending from JAN, a handsome dog of the smaller type who has returned a large number of quality dogs through linebreeding (2-3 and 3-3), dogs that are true representatives of the breed in both confirmation and temperament.

The record of a panel on the Croatian Shepherd that took place on 11 May 2002 in Đakovo also makes a reference to the ideal height for both sexes being 45 cm; the wording came from the new Draft Standard presented on 9 December 1995. in Zagreb.

The height and the need to alter the Standard in that respect was the subject of much discussion at the panel («the height should certainly be more than it is in the present Standard of the Croatian Shepherd, but its actual language is unclear or not well chosen». The same participant who proposed an alteration of the Standard height later in the discussion said that «the Standard should not be changed but its wording adjusted in line with the recommendations »).
Members of MK «Hrvatski ovčar» from Đakovo were also in favour of a greater height and a stronger bone but did not advance any proposals to that effect at the panel.

The proceedings of the Assembly of the ASSOCIATION OF FRIENDS OF THE CROATIAN SHEPHERD FROM KARLOVAC document were concerned with similar problems: «The Standard describes the head of the Croatian Shepherd as «relatively light», «wedge shaped» and «lean», how come there are more and more «BIG HEADS» among the Croatian Shepherds examined by experts, dogs that deviate from the type prescribed by the Standard?»


In 2005, Jasminko Kormoš – Buco took measures of all bodily proportions using specimens from the Brod-Posavina County. Part of the parameters established are presented here.

A total of 63 dogs were measured, including 33 males and 30 females, ranging from 1 to 13 years of age (most dogs being between 2 and 3 years old).
The average height of the male specimens was found to be 47.50, or 4 centimetres more compared to the measurements taken by Professor Romić approximately 30 years earlier.
The average body length was found to be 49.37 cm, exceeding the dog's height at the withers by 4%.

MALE DOGS n = 33
MEAN
MAXIMUM
MINIMUM
Overall length of head
19.92082111
22
16
Height at the withers
47.49951124
54
41
Length of the body
49.36852395
58
45


The measurements of female dogs produced similar results.

Length of head in female specimens was by 1.3 cm less than that of males and made about 42% of the height at withers; body length of the female dog was less than the male's by 3 cm, exceeding by about 2 cm, or less than 5%, the mean height of the female dog.

FEMALE DOGS
n = 30
MEAN
MAXIMUM
MINIMUM
Overall length of head
18.682
20
16
Height at the withers
44.56266667
49
39
Length of the body
46.59266667
52
40










The following table presents the parameters, measurements of height at the withers taken in different periods. What this data shows is that the height of dogs throughout this time period substantially has not changed!



SUMMARY OF INCREASED/DECREASED HEIGHT AT THE WITHERS
AS DETERMINED FROM THE EARLY MEASUREMENTS UNTIL PRESENT DAY
Date of measurement
Measurements taken by
n
Height
at the
withers



Males
Females
Mean
1935 – 1975
Stjepan Romić
224
43.51
43.06
43.30
1960
Otto Rohr
75
46.88
44.29
45.58
1988
Špoljarić, Fury, Skalicki, Urošević
27
47.43
44.54
45.98
1990
Boris Špoljarić
41
46.00
43.00
44.50
2005
Jasminko Kormoš - Buco
63
47.48
44.06
45.77
1935 - 2005
All of the above
430
46.26
43.79
45.03



The summary of the increased/decreased height at the withers measured at different periods shows that the mean value of all measurements was 46.26 cm for the males, and 43.79 cm for the females, and that the average height throughout this time remained at the middle mark of the height range prescribed by the Standard, or at 45.02 cm.

It should be stressed that dogs measured by Romić and Rohr, as well as part of the dogs measured by Špoljarić and Kormoš, were previously unregistered dogs and that city-based breeders or show judges had no or extremely limited impact on their breeding.

This would mean that dogs in the country and city dogs presented at dog shows are two different types of dog. This would also mean that we can avoid further deviation from the true type and preserve the original form of the dog only through the registration of all dogs that confirm to the Croatian Shepherd and the introduction of new bloodlines into the breeding pool. If we fail to do that, the large dog (taller and longer) will only grow further apart from the breed type.












In conclusion, we bring you a table showing all the measurements referred to above and their relation.

Measured by

Sex
n
By sex
Mean value
Increase/decrease (cm) in relation to:






A
1
2
3
A
Height/
Male
224
112
43.51
.



ROMIĆ
withers
Female

112
43.06
.



(1935-1977)
Body
Male
224
112
46.89
.




length
Female

112
45.82
.




Height
Male
75
36
46.88
3.37
.


1
withers
Female

39
44.29
1.23
.


ROHR
Body
Male
75
36
51.26
4.37
.


(1960)
length
Female

39
49.93
4,11
.


2
Height
Male
27
14
47.43
3.98
1.45
.

Špoljarić, Fury,
withers
Female

13
44.53
1.47
0.24
.

Skalicki, Urošević
Body
Male
27
14
50.14
3.25
-1.12
.


length
Female

13
47.31
1.49
-2.62
.


Height
Male
41
20
46.00
2.49
-0.88
-1.43
.
3
withers
Female

21
43.00
-0.6
-1.29
-1.53
.
Špoljarić
Body
Male
41
20
50.60
3.17
-1.20
-0.80
.
(1990)
length
Female

21
47.30
1.57
-2.57
-0.01
.

Height
Male
63
33
47.48
3.97
0.6
0.05
1.48
4
withers
Female

30
44.06
1.00
-0.23
-0.47
1.06
Kormoš
Body
Male
63
33
49.42
2.53
-1.84
-0.72
-1.18
(2000-2005)
length
Female

30
46.31
0.49
-3.62
-1.00
-0.99











Height
Male
430
215
46.26
3.45
0.39
-0.69
1.48
6
withers
Female

215
43.78
0.77
-0.43
-1.00
1.06
MEAN
Body
Male
430
215
49.66
3.33
-1.39
-0.76
-1.18
VALUE
length
Female

215
47.33
1.91
-2.90
-0.50
-0.99

When we put together all the data concerning 430 dogs of both sexes, the mean height at the withers for both sexes is 45.02 centimetres, and the mean body length for both sexes is 48.49 centimetres, making the dog a bit more than 8% longer than it is tall.

Sources:

FENOTIPSKA VARIJABILNOST POJEDINIH EKSTERIJERNIH MJERA HRVATSKOG OVČARA
Urošević, Špoljarić, Skalicki, Fury (Stočarstvo, 42/1988)

MOJ PAS
MOJ PAS, special edition, 1977, Professor Stjepan Romić (Moj pas, 1977)

STANDARD 277.
FCI (FCI, 1969)

ZOV - HRVATSKI OVČAR - PREPOROD PASMINE
ZOV br.167/1990, Boris Špoljarić

STRATEGIJA I UNAPRIJEĐENJE RAZVOJA HRVATSKOG OVČARA
Jasminko Kormoš – Buco (Slavonski Brod, 2001)

HRVATSKI OVČAR jučer danas, sutra
Jasminko Kormoš – Buco (1st edition, Slavonski Brod, 2001)

HRVATSKI OVČAR jučer danas, sutra
Jasminko Kormoš – Buco (2nd edition, Lulu, USA, 2007)

HRVATSKI OVČAR
Jasminko Kormoš – Buco, (Lulu, USA, 2007)

PROCEEDINGS OF THE PANELS ON THE CROATIAN SHEPHERD (ZAGREB, 1995 AND ĐAKOVO, 1992)
Author's files

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASSEMBLY OF THE CLUB OF FRIENDS OF THE CROATIAN SHEPHERD, KARLOVAC
Karlovac, ____________

DRAFT AMENDMENTS TO THE STANDARD
Klub Hrvatski ovčar» Zagreb
Matični klub «Hrvatski ovčar» Đakovo Kinološki klub Hrvatskih autohtonih pasmina pasa – Slavonski Brod

RECORD STORICO SULLA SHEEPDOG CROATA

Il primo record scritto sulle date pastore croato dal 14 secolo.
Petar Horvat, vescovo di Ðakovo, scrisse nel 1374 che croati avevano portato un pastore cane lungo il passaggio alla loro nuova terra. Egli cui il cane come CANIS PASTORALIS CROATICUS--il croato pastore. Secondo la Si noti, il cane era di circa 3 palme (circa 45 cm) alte, con medio-lungo graffe mantello cutaneo o semi-prick le orecchie e una guardia molto bene di tutti animali domestici.
Vescovo di Ðakovo Petar Bakic anche scritto riguardo il pastore croato in suo manoscritto 1719 su "la vita del popolo e Raising di stock in Ðakovo e i suoi Domini Anno dintorni 1719." Ha citato le parole scritta dal vescovo Petar nel 1374 e fornendo la propria descrizione del cane, ha dichiarato che il pastore croato non era cambiata rispetto al precedente registrare (da 1374 a 1719) e aveva conservato la forma e designati dall'esterno Petar vescovo nel 1374.
Andrija Keckemeti, il responsabile della Chiesa immobiliari, ha scritto sul croato "Relazione sulla Raising del materiale in una relazione Sheepdog nella sua lingua latina- Estate Ðakovo nel 1737: ""ricerche Petar, vescovo di Ðakovo, scrisse nel 1374, durante il reinsediamento dei croati ha portato il pastore croato da ha continuato la loro patria originale alla Croazia e la riproduzione. Il cane è su 3 palme (circa 45 cm) alte, coperti in un mantello nero graffe medio-lungo, con brevi capelli sulla testa. Eears sono cutaneo o semi-prick. Il cane mandrie tutti tipi di bestiame ed è una guardia casa eccellente. "
Franjo Klein, il responsabile e il chirurgo dell'estate Diocesi in Ðakovo, fornite una descrizione piuttosto dettagliata del cane nel suo record 1742: "The Croato Sheepdog è l'acronimo alte di circa 3 palme. Cappotto è parentesi e nero.Capelli sono breve sulla testa e medio-lungo sul resto del corpo. Museruola è pointy e orecchie semi-prick o cutaneo. Il cane è molto utile con tutti e talento tipi di bestiame."
Petar Lukic, Preside di Ðakovo e manager dell'estate Diocesi in Ðakovo, in la relazione "on la stato di stock generazione sull'estate della Ðakovo Vescovato e suoi dintorni nel 1752,"ha scritto in latino:"TheCroato È una grande importanza per la sensibilizzazione delle scorte nell'area Ðakovo Sheepdog.Il cane mandrie pecore, capre, maiali, vacche e cavalli. Si tratta di circa 3 palme alte, nero al grigio-nero in colore, con una folta coda. Viene trovato un bobtail occasionali come pure. Il mantello è medio-lungo e senza problemi di parentesi. Capelli sulla testa fino alla le orecchie è breve. La museruola è pointy e le orecchie prick o semi-prick. La testa è a forma di volpe. È anche molto buono come un cane di casa. Secondo a Bakic, il nostro antenati portato quel cane dalla loro patria originale quando si sono trasferiti a queste regioni. Il cane è stato allevato in Croazia tutta dopo l'insediamento ed è il più numerosi razza del cane in Croazia. "
Una traccia scritta più recente sulle date pastore croato dal 1854.L'autore è il Dr. Franjo Bertic, veterinario Contea in Ðakovo (anche un medico). Nel suo opuscolo "on the History of la fattoria di cavallo in "Ðakovo, scrisse che i cavalli erano ammassate daCroato Sheepdogs, che ha anche i cani di casa eccellente. Il cane ha descritto come alto, con un mantello nero graffe medio-lungo 40-50 cm. La testa era coperta dal pelo corto e le orecchie cutaneo o semi-prick. Egli ha descritto come un po' pointy e la coda, se la museruola presenti in whelp, come un po' folta. Bertic ha scritto inoltre che il caratteristiche del cane erano piuttosto stabile, come la forma non aveva cambiato nel secolo precedente - il cane era rimasto lo stesso vescovo Ðakovo Petar Lukic aveva descritto 100 anni prima. Secondo a Bertic, tutti i cani nella villaggi della Contea Ðakovo al momento, ad eccezione di rossiccio giallognolo i cani di caccia con le patch bianche sulla testa e piedi, erano croato sheepdogs.

I record più recenti si basano su e cito la stessa origine, o modificare la forma ma mantenere quasi la descrizione identici.

L'ORIGINE DELLA
CROATO SHEEPDOG
-TESI-
1. Il croato Sheepdog è stata formata in patria originale dei croati e siamo giunti alla Croazia moderna con il croato tribù.
Questa è una tesi ampiamente accettata, come evidente dal fatto che quasi tutti i autori di record sul croato Sheepdog, sia croati e gli stranieri, lo stato che il pastore croato fornita con il prima tribù croato intorno il settimo secolo a.d. a ciò che è ora di Croazia. Ricordate il manoscritto del vescovo Petar nel 1374, dove egli cui il cane come CANIS PASTORALIS CROATICUS, o pastore croato.Secondo il vescovo, i croati portato il cane insieme quando si sono trasferiti a la nuova patria da quella originale. Come sappiamo, non tutte le tribù croato è giunto alla Croazia moderna; alcuni fuse con altri popoli o semplicemente gradualmente scomparso. Ciò spiega probabilmente i cani che portano una somiglianza impressionante a nostro croato Sheepdog. Tra questi è sicuramente Luks, il cane dall'ex Unione Sovietica (a base di alcuni autori) e il Mudi ungherese, cui predecessore diretto è il croato Cani Sheepdog; alcuni del Nord Europa centrale e probabilmente hanno sangue pastore croato nonché, compresa la svedese Spitz, Schipperke.
Petar quale vescovo e il suo successore vescovo Petar Bakic si basava su quando essi ha scritto sul croato Sheepdog nel 1374 e 1719 rimane sconosciuto. Simili, se non lo stesso, i cani possono sono stati trovati in possesso di altri popoli e di ulteriore selezione tradotta in altre razze. Tutte le più recenti record Chinati sul manoscritto da 1374. Se il cane descritto, è stato infatti il cane che oggi sappiamo che può solo indovinare da piuttosto asciutta, benché per l'età relativamente dettagliato Descrizione. Le descrizioni corrispondono certamente, ma è certamente interessante che il cane non era stato descritto prima di scrivere del vescovo Petar nel 1374 o tra quel tempo e 1719. Stato vescovo Petar fatto che i croati avevano portati i cani con loro? Egli ha fornito alcuna prova. Vecchi Chiesa libri da prima Petar vescovo deve essere studiato per un record più credibile. È interessante notare che basta, non vi sono record del cane in altre parti della Croazia. A meno che non sia più prova credibile il cane provenienti in Croazia con le tribù croato da casa loro originale è trovare presto, dovremmo considerare che l'origine del pastore croati sono stati diverso.
2. Il croato È stata formata Sheepdog sulla pista del movimento delle tribù croato dalla loro patria originale per la Croazia.

Incroci con altri cani di può allora rilevato per il lungo viaggio delle tribù croato a ciò che è ora di Croazia hanno svolto un ruolo nella formazione del pastore croato. Tracce di che potrebbero essere il cutaneo e semi-prick orecchio, il cappotto approntata e parentesi, il lungo e breve coda, la statura più alto e più breve, aggressione e assenza di essa, rivestimento i colori e così via.
3. Il croato Sheepdog è stata formata in ciò che è ora Croazia prima dell'arrivo dei croati.
Non vi è alcuna prova che il croato tribù sono venuti a queste parti e trovano persone che ha sollevato il bestiame, ma non hanno avuto cani. Tale disposizione era impossibile al momento. Di conseguenza, quando essi sono arrivati, il croato tribù trovano persone che vivevano fuori bestiame e aveva un certo tipo di cane essi ha sollevato. Il cane è stato forse il predecessore del nostro pastore croato! O forse il tipo di cane da cui è stato creato il nostro cane? Non vi sono record sulla composizione dei croati nella regione e portare il cane insieme. La dichiarazione è resa molto più tardi storia, su un divario di 500 anni. Se i croati portato il cane con loro o trovate che qui è incerto. Sicuramente, tuttavia, il cane non è cambiato molto dal primo record per il giorno attuale.
4. Il croato Sheepdog era formata da cani simili per il pastore croato contemporaneo, o i cani il croato tribù trovato al momento dell'arrivo e i cani che hanno portato con loro.
I croati possono hanno portato loro sheepdog insieme con gli allevamenti quando si sono trasferiti per la nuova patria, e quando sono arrivati, più o meno incontrollate croci per i cani trovati nella regione possono hanno avuto luogo. È stato il risultato delle croci Forse il prototipo di quello che è ora il pastore croato. Il risultante di nuovo tipo di cane era good-looking e aveva un temperamento buona e capacità di lavoro.

277 STANDARD.

Interfacce FCI standard n. 277-CROATO SHEEPDOG
ORIGINE: Repubblica di Croazia
DATA DI PUBBLICAZIONE DELLA NORMA VALIDA ORIGINALE: 23.6.1969
UTILIZZO:
Questa razza possiede un istinto ereditaria eccellente per la pastorizia tutti i tipi di bestiame, ma potrebbe anche essere facilmente addestrati per tutti i tipi di sport del cane. Rende un ottimo watchdog e un cucciolo di casa amabile.
CLASSIFICAZIONE FCI:
Gruppo 1. Sheepdogs e Cani di bovini (ad eccezione della Svizzera Cattle Dogs)
Sezione 1. Sheepdogs
Senza processo di lavoro
ASPETTO GENERALE:

Il croato Sheepdog è di altezza media inferiore. Il colore di base è nero. Capelli breve su la testa e gambe caratterizzano la razza.
COMPORTAMENTO/TEMPERAMENTO:
È un lithe, ansiosa e cane del modesto Pastore, che può essere facilmente addestrati.
PROPORZIONI IMPORTANTI:
Supera la lunghezza del corpo l'altezza a withers di circa il 10 %, in modo che il cane è di un po' forma quadrata allungata.
TESTA
REGIONE CRANICA:
In generale: Il capo è relativamente leggera, snella e a forma di Cuneo. Il rapporto tra il muso e il cranio è 9: 11. È la lunghezza totale della testa circa 20 cm.
Cranio: Leggermente arrotondato cranio spoglia verso il naso. Non sono accentuati gli archi delle sopracciglia. Il le guance sono arrotondate. Il occiput possono essere distinti.
Arrestare: leggermente pronunciata.
REGIONE DEL VISO:
Naso: Sempre in nero e in linea con la cresta del naso.
Museruola: Snello, colmo di naso Guardando dal profilo è retta ed è un'estensione di cuneiformi il cranio. La mascella inferiore è ben sviluppato e costituisce un insieme armonico con la linea di cresta il naso. La museruola né punta né quadrato.Denti: Bene sviluppate, un morso forbici completa. Livello morso è accettabile, ma non auspicabile.
Labbra: Secco, vicino di raccordo e morbidi. Il pigmento labbro visibile è nero. Angolo della bocca è stretto.
Gli occhi: Castagno marrone al nero, mezzo in dimensioni, forma di mandorla, essi danno un espressione vivace per il cane e sono impostati in orizzontale. Cerchi della palpebre sono scura raccordo pigmentata e stretto, vicino agli occhi.
Le orecchie: Triangolare in forma, medie, eretta o semi-erect, imposta un po' al lato. Erigere le orecchie sono più auspicabile. Non è consentito l'orecchio ritaglio.
COLLO:

Gli aumenti leggermente sopra il Torna la linea. Le linee superiore e inferiore del collo sono rette. Moderatamente a lungo, è di resistenza media, arrotondata profondi e bene, muscolare. È la pelle senza dewlap e coperto da un mantello ad alta densità.
CORPOWithers: Non pronunciata. La transizione verso il collo è graduale.Retro: Semplice, breve e muscolare.
Lombata: Short e fermamente accoppiati.
Petto: Ampia lunga, Media e abbastanza profonda. Le nervature sgorgato, forechest leggermente pronunciati. La transizione per il collo è in linea retta.
Ventre: leggermente nascosto l'alto. I filetti sono completo e robusto. Croup: Media a lungo, leggermente inclinato giù, muscolare e piuttosto ampio.
CODA:
Imposta medio alto, con peli lunghi e spessi, nel riposo si blocca rilassati o avviene a livello posteriore. In attenzione che si è effettuato di sopra della linea posteriore. Vi sono nati senza cani o con un breve coda, o la coda è ancorata in modo che, in un maschio adulto, sia su 4 cm di lunghezza.
ARTI
QUARTI ANTERIORI:
Le gambe sono rette, parallelo guardando dalla parte anteriore e di media lunghezza. Angolazione della parte anteriore gambe è più aperto, il cane è l'acronimo più ripida. Lame di spalla sono medio lungo e steeper muscolare, un po' insieme. La parte superiore del braccio è relativamente breve. L'avambraccio è lungo e muscolare. Ossa è più leggeri.
Pasterns a secco, indistinto, breve e non completamente verticale. Le zampe sono piccole, forte, semi-rabbit-simili. Le dita è ben a maglia, bene e fermamente imbottite. Il i chiodi sono neri o grigio.

QUARTI POSTERIORI:
Le zampe sono medio-angulated. Da dietro, le gambe sono parallele. È lunga la coscia inferiore e il hock è inferiore. È la coscia superiore dello spessore medio, ben muscled.Il hocks sono asciutto e distinti, ben angulated.
Zampe sono gli stessi la parte anteriore quelli, piccoli e robusti, anche se un po' allungati. Sono dewclaws rimosso.

DEAMBULAZIONE / MOVIMENTO:
Il croato Sheepdog si sposta in una vivace trotto con passaggi moderatamente lunghi.
CAPPOTTO TEXTURE:
La lunghezza dei capelli per il retro è tra 7 e 14 cm. Il foreface è sempre shorthaired. Sono le orecchie shorthaired sul longhaired all'interno e all'esterno. La parte posteriore della forelegs ha più capelli a pastern e forme sfumatura. Le zampe hanno una marcata sfumatura dalle natiche per la hocks. Il mantello è relativamente morbido, ondulata di parentesi, ma non deve essere vaghe. Il undercoat deve essere ad alta densità.

Colore:
Il colore di base della è il mantello nero. Pochi capelli bianchi possono essere tollerate. Bianco le indicazioni sul testa, corpo o coda non sono ammesse, ma sono piccole indicazioni bianche ammissibile per la gola e il forechest. Indicazioni sulle dita del bianco o le gambe sono ammissibili ma indesiderabili. Bianco gambe fino a pasterns inferiore del segni del cane su spettacoli.
HEIGHT: L'altezza a withers nei maschi e femmine è di 40-50 cm.
DIFETTI: Ogni partenza dai punti di cui sopra deve essere considerato una colpa e la serietà con cui debba essere considerata la colpa deve essere esatta proporzione al suo grado. 1. Qualsiasi altro colore del naso del nero,
2. Due o più di prima premolars (PM1) mancante,
3. Oltre- o undershot ganasce,
4. Giallo o gli occhi di albino,
5. Drooping le orecchie,
6. Cappotto completamente vaghe o è troppo lungo,
7. Più lunghi capelli su foreface,
8. Le indicazioni del bianco su testa, corpo o coda,
9. Altezza alla withers qui sotto o tramite lo standard in uno
NB: Gli animali maschile devono avere due testicoli apparentemente normale pienamente discendenti nello scroto.






Autore: Jasminko Kormoš – Buco, interfacce FCI giudicare


Slavonski Brod, possono 2003.

HISTORISCHE DATENSÄTZE AUF DER KROATISCHEN SHEEPDOG

Die erste schriftliche Erwähnung auf der kroatischen Hirtenhund stammt aus dem 14. Jh.

Petar Horvat, dem Bischof von Đakovo, schrieb in 1374, dass Kroaten ein Hirte gebracht hatte Hund zusammen unterwegs zu Ihrem neuen Land. Er bezog sich auf der Hund als CANIS PASTORALIS CROATICUS--die kroatischen Schäferhund. Laut der Notiz die Hund wurde über 3 Palmen (ca. 45 cm) hoch, mit Medium-Long geschweiften Fell und Prick oder Semi-prick Ohren, und eine sehr gute Guard von alle Haustieren.

Bischof der Đakovo Petar Bakic schrieb auch über die kroatische Hirtenhund in seine 1719 Manuskript "auf das Leben der Menschen und Raising der Aktie in Đakovo und Seine Umgebung Anno Domini 1719." Er zitierte die Worte von Bischof geschrieben Petar in 1374 und seine eigene Beschreibung des der Hund, festgestellt, daß die Kroatische Hirtenhund hatte nicht seit der vorherigen Datensatz (von 1374, 1719) geändert und die Form und die äußere von Bischof Petar 1374 beschrieben gehalten hatte.

Andrija Keckemeti, der Kirche Estate-Manager schrieb über die kroatische Hirtenhund in seinem Latein-Sprache-Bericht "Bericht auf das Auslösen der Stock in Đakovo Mietwohnungen in 1737: ""als Petar, Bischof von Đakovo, schrieb in 1374, während die Wiedereinrichtungsbeihilfe die Kroaten brachte die kroatischen Hirtenhund aus ihrer ursprünglichen Heimat, Kroatien und Zucht hat fortgesetzt. Der Hund ist etwa 3 Palmen (ca. 45 cm) hoch, in ein Medium-Long geschweiften schwarzen Fell mit bedeckt kurzen Haaren auf den Kopf. Eears sind Prick oder Semi-prick. Der Hund herds alle Typen von Rindern und ist eine ausgezeichnete Haus-Guard. "

Franjo Klein, die Manager und Chirurg der das Bischofsamt gut in Đakovo, sofern eine Vielmehr detaillierte Beschreibung der der Hund in seine 1742-Datensatz: "The kroatischen Sheepdog steht etwa 3 Palmen hoch. Fell ist geschweifte und Schwarz. Haar ist kurz auf der Kopf und Medium-Long auf den Rest des Körpers. Schnauze ist pointy und Ohren Semi-Prick oder Prick. Der Hund ist sehr begabter und nützliche mit allen Arten von Rinder."

Petar Lukic, Dekanin der Đakovo und Manager von der Hochstift-Estate in Đakovo, in seinem Bericht "auf der Staat der Stock auslösen auf the Estate von der Đakovo Hochstift und seine Umgebung in 1752,"schrieb in Latein:"die Kroatische Hirtenhund ist eine große Bedeutung für die Sensibilisierung der Bestand in der Đakovo Bereich. Der Hund herds Schafe, Ziegen, Schweine, Kühe und Pferde. Es geht um 3 Palmen hoch, Schwarz zu Grau-Schwarz in Farbe, mit einem buschig Schwanz. Eine gelegentliche Bobtail ist auch gefunden. Das Fell ist Medium-Long, glatte, geschweiften. Haar auf der Kopf bis zu den Ohren ist kurz. Die Schnauze ist pointy und die Ohren stechen oder Semi-Prick. Der Kopf ist Fox-förmigen. Es ist auch sehr gut als ein Haus Hund. Laut Bakic brachten unserer Vorfahren, Hund aus ihre ursprüngliche Heimat Wenn Sie in diesen Regionen verschoben. Der Hund hat in der gesamten Kroatien gezüchtet worden Seit die Siedlung und ist die am meisten zahlreiche Hunderasse in Kroatien. "

A neuere schriftliche Datensatz auf der kroatischen Hirtenhund stammt aus dem 1854. Die Autor ist Dr. Franjo Bertic, Bezirk Tierarzt in Đakovo (auch eine Arzt). In seine Broschüre "zur Geschichte der Horse-Farm in Đakovo,"schrieb er, dass Pferde durch kroatischen Sheepdogs herded wurden die ausgezeichnete Haus Hunde sowie gemacht. Er beschrieb den Hund als 40 bis 50 cm hoch, mit einem Medium-Long geschweiften schwarzen Fell. Der Kopf war von kurzen Haaren bedeckt und die Ohren Prick oder Semi-prick. Die Schnauze, die er als ein bißchen pointy beschrieben und die Schwanz, sofern vorhanden in Whelp, als etwas buschig. Bertic schrieb, weiter die Merkmale der der Hund waren eher stabil, da seine Form nicht in geändert hatte vorigen Jahrhunderts--hatte der Hund die gleiche wie Đakovo Bischof Petar blieb Lukic hatte es 100 Jahre vor beschrieben. Laut Bertic, alle Hunde in die Dörfer von Đakovo County zum Zeitpunkt, mit Ausnahme der rötlich-gelblich Jagd Hunde mit weißen Flecken auf den Kopf und Ständer, wurden kroatischen Sheepdogs.

Mehr jüngsten Datensätze verlassen sich auf und die gleiche Quelle zitieren oder ändern Sie das Formular jedoch behalten die Beschreibung, die fast identisch.


DER URSPRUNG DER KROATISCHEN SHEEPDOG-- DIPLOMARBEITEN

1. Der kroatischen Hirtenhund in die ursprüngliche Heimat der die Kroaten gegründet wurde und begab sich: moderne Kroatien mit den kroatischen Stämmen.

Dies ist eine weit akzeptierte These, als offensichtlich aus der Tatsache, die fast alle Autoren von Datensätzen auf der kroatischen Hirtenhund, Kroaten und Ausländern, Mitteilung, dass die kroatische Hirtenhund kam mit der erste kroatische Stämme rund um die 7th Jahrhundert A.d., was nun Kroatien ist. Denken Sie daran das Manuskript der Bischof Petar in 1374, wo er den Hund als CANIS PASTORALIS CROATICUS, nach oder Kroatische Hirtenhund. Laut der Bischof brachte die Kroaten den Hund entlang Wenn Sie in der neuen Heimat als dem ursprünglichen verschoben. Wie wir wissen, nicht alle Kroatische Stämme kam nach modernen Kroatien; einige mit anderen Völkern zusammengeführt oder einfach allmählich verschwand. Das erklärt vermutlich die Hunde, die tragen eine auffallende Ähnlichkeit mit unsere kroatischen Hirtenhund. Unter Ihnen ist definitiv Benjamin Luks, der Hund aus der ehemaligen Sowjetunion (laut einige Autoren), und die Ungarische Mudi, deren direkte Vorgänger der kroatischen Hirtenhund ist; einige Nord- und Mitteleuropa Hunde haben wahrscheinlich kroatischen Hirtenhund Blut als gut, einschließlich der schwedischen Spitz, Schipperke.
Was Bischof Petar und seinem Nachfolger Bischof Petar Bakic beruhten auf, wenn Sie schrieben über die kroatische Hirtenhund in 1374 und 1719 Überreste unbekannt. Ähnlich, wenn nicht das gleiche Hunde können wurden gefunden im Besitz anderer Völker und führte zu weiteren Auswahl anderen Rassen. Umso mehr jüngsten Datensätze lean auf das Manuskript aus 1374. Überprüft, ob eine der Hund Beschreibung war wirklich der Hund wir wissen Sie heute wir nur aus der eher curt, ahnen können allerdings für das Zeitalter relativ ausführliche Beschreibung. Die Beschreibungen definitiv übereinstimmen, aber es ist sicherlich interessant, daß der Hund nicht vor Bischof beschrieben worden war Petar des in 1374 oder zwischen damals und 1719 schreiben. Was Bischof Petar gemacht Status, der die Kroaten die Hunde mit Ihnen gebracht hatte? Er gab keine Beweise dafür. Alte Kirche Bücher von vor Bischof Petar sollten für ein glaubwürdiger untersucht werden Datensatz. Interessanterweise, gibt es keine Einträge für den Hund in anderen Teilen Kroatiens. Es sei denn, glaubwürdiger Beweise für den Hund zu Kroatien mit die kroatische Stämme aus ihre ursprüngliche Heimat bald gefunden wird, sollten wir berücksichtigen dass der Ursprung der kroatischen Hirtenhund verschiedene gewesen sein kann.

2. Der kroatischen Hirtenhund auf den Spuren der Bewegung der gegründet wurde die Kroatische Stämme aus ihre ursprüngliche Heimat zu Kroatien.

Kreuze mit anderen Hunde jener Zeit, die auf die lange Reise von der Kroatisch gestoßen ist Stämme, was nun Kroatien ist möglicherweise eine Rolle in der Bildung von gespielt haben die Kroatische Hirtenhund. Spuren von, könnte sein, die Prick und semi-prick Ohr, die geschweifte und geradliniger Fell, der langen und kurzen Schwanz, höher und kürzere Stature, Aggression und Abwesenheit, Fell Farben, und So weiter.

3. Die kroatische Hirtenhund wurde gegründet, in was nun Kroatien vor die Kroaten ist angekommen.

Dort ist keine Beweise dafür, dass die kroatische Stämme begab sich: diese Teile und Menschen gefunden Wer angesprochen Rinder aber hatten keinen Hunde. Solche Regelung war unmöglich, bei die Zeit. Entsprechend, als Sie ankamen, fanden die kroatischen Stämme Menschen, die off Tiere lebten und hatte eine bestimmte Art von Hund, die Sie ausgelöst. Der Hund war vielleicht der Vorgänger des unsere kroatischen Hirtenhund! Oder vielleicht den Typ der Hund von der aus unserem Hund erstellt wurde? Es gibt keine Datensätze auf die Kroaten Siedlung in der Region und den Hund zusammen zu bringen. Die Anweisung wird viel später in vorgenommen. Geschichte, über eine 500-Jahr-Lücke. Ob die Kroaten den Hund mit Ihnen gebracht oder gefunden Sie, es hier unsicher ist. Definitiv, hat jedoch der Hund sich nicht viel geändert aus dem ersten Datensatz zum heutigen Tag.

4. Der kroatischen Hirtenhund wurde aus Hunde ähnelt der zeitgenössischen gebildet. Kroatische Hirtenhund oder die Hunde, die die kroatische Stämme bei Ankunft gefunden und die Hunde, die Sie mit Ihnen gebracht.

Die Kroaten können gebracht haben Ihre Sheepdog zusammen mit den Beständen beim zu verschieben die neue Heimat, und wenn Sie angekommen, mehr oder weniger unkontrollierte Kreuze an Hunde, die in der Region gefunden können stattgefunden haben. Das Ergebnis die Kreuze war Vielleicht ist der Prototyp des was nun die kroatischen Hirtenhund. Die resultierende neue Art der Hund war good-looking und hatte eine gute Temperament und arbeiten Fähigkeiten.


FCI Standard Nr. 277-kroatischen SHEEPDOG

HERKUNFT: Republik Kroatien

DATUM DER VERÖFFENTLICHUNG DES URSPRÜNGLICHEN GÜLTIGEN STANDARDS: 23.6.1969

AUSLASTUNG: Diese Rasse besitzt eine ausgezeichnete hereditary Instinkt für herding alle Arten von Tiere, sondern könnte auch für alle Arten von Hund Sport leicht ausgebildet werden. Macht ein sehr gute Watchdog und ein Haustier loveable Haus.

KLASSIFIZIERUNG FCI: Group 1. Sheepdogs und Rind Dogs (außer Schweizer Rind Hunde)
Abschnitt 1. Sheepdogs
Ohne Arbeiten Testversion

ALLGEMEINE Darstellung: Die kroatische Hirtenhund ist von einer niedrigeren mittlere Höhe. Die Grundfarbe ist Schwarz. Kurzen Haaren auf den Kopf und Beine charakterisieren die Rasse.

VERHALTEN/TEMPERAMENT: Es ist ein gelenkig, sehr daran interessiert und bescheidenen Hirte Hund, die leicht trainiert werden kann.

WICHTIG Proportionen: Die Körperlänge überschreitet die Höhe an die Schulterhöhe von ca. 10 %, damit der Hund ein etwas ist länglich quadratische Form.

KOPF
KRANIALE REGION:
Im allgemeinen: Der Kopf ist relativ leicht, schlanke und Keil geformt. Das Verhältnis zwischen die Schnauze und der Oberkopf ist 9: 11. Die Gesamtlänge des Kopfes ist etwa 20 cm.
Schädel: Leicht gerundet Schädel Konik gegenüber die Nase. Die Augenbrauen-Bögen sind nicht ausgesprochen. Die Wangen sind gerundet. Die Occiput kann unterschiedliche sein.
Haltestelle: Etwas ausgesprochen.
GESICHTSBEHANDLUNG REGION:
Nase: Immer Schwarz und im Einklang mit den Nase-Kamm.
Schnauze: Lean, Nase Ridge suchen aus dem Profil ist gerade und ist eine keilförmig Erweiterung der Schädel. Die unteren Jaw ist gut entwickelt und bildet eine harmonische gesamte mit der Zeile der den Nase-Kamm. Die Schnauze ist weder hingewiesen noch Quadrat.
Zähne: Gut entwickelt, eine vollständige Schere-BiSS. Level BiSS ist aber nicht akzeptabel wünschenswert.
Lippen: Trocken, schließen Sie Formstück und supple. Die sichtbaren Lippe-Pigment ist Schwarz. Ecke des die Mund ist eng.
Augen: Kastanie Braun, Schwarz, mittelgroß, Mandel--förmig, geben Sie eine lebhafte Ausdruck, der Hund und horizontal eingestellt sind. Die Felgen die Augenlidern sind dunkle pigmentiertes und festgezogen, Formstück nahe an der Eyeballs.
Ohren: Dreieck in Form, mittlere, aufrecht oder halbaufrecht, etwas legen Sie auf die Seite. Aufrecht Ohren sind mehr wünschenswert. Ohr Zuschneiden ist nicht zulässig.

HALS: Erhebt sich leicht, über die Back Zeile. Die oberen und unteren Zeilen des Halses sind gerade. Mäßig lange ist es von mittlerer Stärke, tief und gut gerundet, muskulös.Die Haut ist ohne Wamme und durch ein dichtes Fell abgedeckt.

KÖRPER
Schulterhöhe: Nicht ausgesprochen. Der Übergang zu den Hals ist schrittweise.
Zurück: Gerade, kurze und muskulös.
Loin: Kurz und fest gekoppelt.
Brust: Mittellang, breit und tief genug. Rippen unvorbereitet, Forechest ausgesprochen leicht.Der Übergang zu den Hals ist in einer geraden Linie.
Bauch: Etwas versteckt-Up. Die Lenden sind vollständige und stabile.
Pseudokrupp: Medium, die lange, leicht geneigt nach unten, Muskel- und ziemlich Breite.

TAIL: Set Mittel hoch, mit dicken und lange Haare, in Ruhe hängt entspannten oder ist auf Back Ebene durchgeführt. In Aufmerksamkeit ist es oberhalb der Back Linie durchgeführt. Dort Hunde sind geboren werden, ohne oder mit einer kurzen Schwanz oder der Schwanz ist so verankert, die in einer Erwachsene männlich ist es etwa 4 cm lang.

GLIEDMAßEN
VORDERVIERTEL: Die Beine sind gerade, parallele Suchen von Vorder- und des mittleren Länge.Angulation der vorderen Beine wird mehr geöffnet, der Hund steht steileren. Schulter Blades sind lange und muskulös, Datenträger, die etwas steiler festgelegt. Der obere Arm ist relativ kurzen. Die Unterarm ist lang und muskulös. Knochen sind heller.
Pasterns trocken, unscharf, kurze und nicht vollständig vertikale. Die Füße sind kleine, starke, Sattelanhänger-rabbit-ähnliche. Die Zehen sind gut Gewirke, gut und fest dämpfend. Die Bolzen sind schwarz oder grau.
HINTERVIERTEL: Die Hinterbeinen sind Medium-angulated. Die Beine sind von hinten parallel. Die niedrigere Oberschenkel ist lang, und die Hock niedriger gesetzt ist. Die oberen Oberschenkel ist von medium Breite, gut muscled. Die Hocks sind trocken und unterscheidbar, gut angulated.
Hind Füße sind identisch mit der Vorderseite sind, kleinen und stabilen aber etwas länglich. Dewclaws werden entfernt.

GANG/BEWEGUNG: Die kroatische Hirtenhund verschiebt in eine rege Trot mit mäßig lange Schritte.

FELL
TEXTUR: Die Länge der Haar auf der Rückseite ist zwischen 7 und 14 cm. Die Foreface ist immer Kurzhaarkatzen. Die Ohren sind an der Außenseite Kurzhaarkatzen und langhaarige auf die innen. Der Rückseite des die Forelegs hat länger Haare herunter, um Fessel und Formen Weiche Kanten. Die Hinterbeinen haben einen ausgeprägten weiche aus den Hintern zu der Hocks. Das Fell ist relativ weich, wellenförmige, geschweiften, aber darf keine nebulös. Die Unterwolle muss dicht sein.
Farbe: Die Grundfarbe des Felles ist Schwarz. Ein paar weiße Haare können toleriert werden. White Aufschriften auf dem Kopf, des Körpers oder der Schwanz sind nicht zulässig, aber kleine White Auswahlmöglichkeiten sind auf die Kehle und der Forechest zulässig. White Auswahlmöglichkeiten auf der Zehen oder die Beine sind zulässig, aber unerwünschte. Weiße Beine bis zu pasterns Senken der Hund Markierungen auf Shows.

HÖHE: Die Höhe bei Widerrist in Männchen und Weibchen ist 40 bis 50 cm.

FEHLER: Jede Abweichung von den vorstehenden Punkten muss einen Fehler angesehen werden und die schwere, die mit dem der Fehler angesehen werden sollten sollte in exakten Verhältnis zu den Grad.
1. Beliebige andere Farbe von der Nase als Schwarz,
2. Zwei oder mehr ersten Premolars (PM1) fehlen,
3. Über- oder undershot Kiefer
4. Gelb oder Albino Augen,
5. Drooping Ohren,
6. Fell vollständig nebulös oder zu lang
7. Längere Haar auf Foreface,
8. Aufschriften auf Kopf, des Körpers oder der Schwanz, weiß
9. Höhe an den Widerrist unten oder über einen in Standard.

NB: Männliche Tiere müssen zwei anscheinend normale Hoden vollständig versank in die Hodensack.
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